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Tramadol is also commonly known as Ultram. Tramadol is centrally acting analgesic (pain reliever) that is readily soluble in water. Also marketed as . Tramadol is used to relieve moderate to moderately severe pain. Tramadol affects chemicals and receptors in the body that are associated with pain and may be used to treat pain caused by surgery and chronic conditions such as RSD (CRPS). Ultram works by decreasing the body's sense of pain. Tramadol is usually marketed as the hydrochloride salt (tramadol hydrochloride) and is available in both injectable (intravenous and/or intramuscular) and oral preparations. It is also available in conjunction with paracetamol (acetaminophen). Tramadol may be taken with or without food.

Tramadol was developed by the German pharmaceutical company Grünenthal GmbH and marketed under the trade name Tramal. Grünenthal has also cross licensed the drug to many other pharmaceutical companies that market it under various names.

Tramadol is approximately 10% as potent as morphine, when given by the IV/IM route. Oral doses range from 50–400 mg daily, with up to 600 mg daily when given IV/IM. The formulation containing APAP contains 37.5 mg of tramadol and 325 mg of paracetamol, intended for oral administration with a common dosing recommendation of one or two tabs every four to six hours.

Unlike most other opioids, Tramadol is not considered a controlled substance in many countries (the U.S. and Australia, among others), and is available with a normal prescription. Tramadol is also available over-the-counter without prescription in a few countries.[3]

Side effects reported for the drug include agitation, anxiety or nervousness, blurred vision, constipation, diarrhoea, dizziness, drowsiness, dry mouth, flushing, headache, indigestion or heartburn, itching, mood changes, muscle tightness, sweating, uncontrollable shaking hands, upset stomach, vomiting, weakness. Occasional reports have been heard of more serious side effects such as difficulties with breathing or swallowing, flu-like symptoms, hallucinations, rapid heartbeat or seizures. If any of these symptoms appear you should call your doctor immediately.

Warning, while taking Tramadol do not drink alcohol, which may dangerously affect breathing or cause liver problems. Take care when driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous activities. This drug can be habit-forming. Do not increase the size or frequency of your dose unless so advised by your doctor - and call your doctor if you find that you want to take more Tramadol or notice unusual changes in your mood or behaviour. Do not suddenly stop taking the medication or you are likely to experience unpleasant withdrawal symptoms.